You can get point and centroid locations from any georeferenced raster dataset, mosaic dataset, or image service. A DEM is required if making measurements in 3D.
Getting measurements at a point
The Point Location tool 
measures the location of a point.
- Click the layer in the Image Analysis window.
- Click a point in the image.
Finding the centroid and its measurements
The Centroid Location tool 
calculates the centroid location of an area. When 3D is checked it will use the DEM to refine the calculation.
- Click the layer in the Image Analysis window.
- Draw a polygon by clicking points along the feature of which the centroid will be derived.